This is the classic microphone you see in almost every podcast. It is THE standard and this is my first choice of microphone.
SM7B - Vocal Microphone - Shure USA
A great alternative to the Shure SM7B. It is probably the second most seen microphone on major podcasts.
RE20 Broadcast announcer's microphone with Variable‑D ...
The first condenser mic on this list. Amazing sound for the price if you have a treated room. It is very sensitive and WILL pick up room noise but in a good sounding room, this mic is gold.
Audio Technica AT2035
This mic has the unique feature of having built in RGB lights. This looks particularly good on camera if you have a video podcast. It also sounds good for the price.
HyperX QuadCast - USB Condenser Gaming Microphone
This is my favorite microphone of all time! It not only sounds great for podcasts but it is one of the top choices for voice actors and recording SFX and foley.
MKH 416-P48U3 - Shotgun Microphones
This is the most popular microphone for beginners. It is super affordable and is plug and play. It is USB and works straight away in your computer. The sound doesn't compete with the higher end mics on this list but it is great for beginners.
Blue Yeti USB
This is a great choice for a beginner/mid level mic. It is the little brother to the SM7b but has the benefit of having the option of using USB. Of all the USB mics on this list, I would choose this one.
MV7 - Podcast Microphone - Shure USA
Rode is known for making amazing microphones and this is no exception. This would be a solid choice if you were starting a podcast. It isn't too expensive and it sounds great. It is XLR only so you would need an audio interface.
PodMic | Dynamic Broadcast Microphone | RØDE
This is the USB version of the podmic. It is double the price but you do not have to deal with buying an audio interface. It is plug and play.
PodMic USB | Versatile Dynamic Broadcast Microphone
Speaking of good sounding Rode mics. The NT-1 is one of the best sounding condensers(if not the best) at this price range. It is definitely one worth adding to your mic locker.